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GREY Policy Brief No. 2, 2017: Tackling Undeclared Work in the FYR of Macedonia: Knowledge-Informed Policy Responses
Undeclared work has deep roots in Macedonia as 1 in 16 adults and 1 in 8 of the employed population engage in undeclared work. Unemployment remains unusually high compared with the EU average. The continuing state and political crisis in the country from 2005 further sets the stage for non-compliant practices, including undeclared work. The policy brief notes that an effective long-term policy towards undeclared work and envelope wages should be designed aimed at changes in the institutional framework, as well as a reversal of the positive attitudes towards noncompliant activities. more » |
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GREY Policy Brief No. 1, 2017: Tackling Undeclared Work in Bulgaria: Knowledge-Informed Policy Responses
The policy brief shows that participation in undeclared work is widespread in Bulgaria. The undeclared economy is estimated at roughly a third of GDP, thus presenting a serious challenge to the country’s fiscal performance. Nearly one in ten people do some undeclared work. Bulgarians see undeclared work as deeply ingrained in their society. Undeclared work is motivated primarily by lack of trust between the people and the authorities. more » |
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Evaluating Governance and Corruption Risk in Bulgaria
Corruption continues to be one of the main social problems for Bulgaria
a decade after the country’s EU accession. The Bulgarian public is one
of the few in Europe, which trusts EU institutions more than its own
government to find a sustainable solution to this problem. Making sure thе mechanisms of EU conditionality and public procurement support deliver on these high expectations is of paramount importance for delivering a lasting solution to Bulgaria’s rule of law problems. As part of the largest ever team of social sciences and humanities in Europe – ANTICORRP.eu, CSD has developed two case studies, which help explain the key risks of corruption in the public procurement market in construction and the way the EU has impacted Bulgarian progress on anti-corruption. more » |
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A Revanchist Russia versus an Uncertain West: An Appreciation of the Situation since the 2014 Ukrainian Crisis
An aggressive Russia, a divided and unsettled Europe, and a distracted and unpredictable United States have created an unprecedented and perilous confluence of events that could undermine the European security architecture and the liberal-democratic order. Ultimately, it is conceivable that the Western allies and Russia could achieve through dialogue some kind of constructive modus vivendi whereby Russia becomes a less paranoid power that respects the independence of its former empire. A long shot to begin with, such a rapprochement is less achievable if Europe and the United States appear disorganized and vulnerable. more » |
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Hidden Economy in Southeast Europe: Building Regional Momentum to Mitigate its Negative Effects
According to the authors of the policy brief, not declaring in full or partially economic activities in SEE remains widespread in virtually all areas of government – permissions and licenses, labour contracts, social security, taxes and custom duties. It signals a persistent gap between formal and informal institutions and lack of coherent enforcement of rules. Corruption pressure is higher towards those engaged in the hidden economy. At the same time their susceptibility to corruption is also higher, confirming the institutional incongruence. The immense diversity of the scale (from 19 % in Croatia to 81 % in Kosovo), prevailing patterns (no written contracts in Turkey, non-payment of health care contributions in Kosovo*, envelope wages in FYR of Macedonia and Bulgaria, non-formalised business in Albania), formal vs informal wage average (higher formal wages in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania and Turkey and lower in Kosovo and Bulgaria) requires country specific tailor-made policies and sequencing of reforms. more » |
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Hidden Economy and Good Governance in Southeast Europe Regional Assessment Report
The current report examines the key drivers of the hidden economy and its impact on the overall economy in SEE, and in particular the employment, social and fiscal sectors. The authors focus on the links between hidden economy and corruption, especially the administrative corruption, related to VAT drain, tax payment evasion, social security payment evasion, and “speeding up” business related services. They propose new approaches for measuring and analysing the phenomena, as well as preventive and counter-measures. more » |
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Public Procurement Criminality: Practical Guide for Preventing, Countering and Analyzing Corruption Risks
The publication discusses selected internationally recognized standards on approaches, methods and guidelines for countering criminality and corruption practices in the public procurement process. The practical Guide is tailored to aid the work of civil servants, magistrates and practitioners in the area. The publication is based on conclusions from series of seminars, workshops and conferences, involving Bulgarian and Romanian experts, which took place between December 2014 and July 2016 in Romania. The document is part of the initiative “Law, Economy, Competition, and Administration - Developing a Multidisciplinary Approach in the Fight against Public Procurement Criminality (LEAD)”. more » |
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