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 The Links Between Crime and Terrorism in Europe
Radicalisaiton and terrorism are among the most pressing security threats in the European Union. The possible interaction or convergence between conventional and organised criminals on the one hand and extremists on the other can amplify the risks presented by both security issues. more »
Bulgarian Organized Crime Threat Assessment
Тhe Center for the Study of Democracy organised a round table to discuss the findings of the Bulgarian Organized Crime Threat Assessment (BOCTA) report prepared with the financial support of the European Union Internal Security Fund. more »
Financing of Human Trafficking for Sexual Exploitation
Trafficking in human beings (THB) for the purpose of sexual exploitation has become one of the largest Bulgarian criminal markets since the beginning of the new millennium. Trafficking and prostitution not only generate huge incomes for Bulgarian organised crime but also have detrimental social and economic impact on local communities. more »
The Illicit Tobacco Market: Limits to Institutional Enforcement
The trade in illegal tobacco products contributes to significant loss in state budget revenue for many countries. The traditionally high levels of illicit tobacco product’s consumption in Bulgaria have brought about an estimated BGN 4.83 billion in VAT and excise tax losses for the last ten years. The concerted efforts of Bulgarian authorities have brought about a significant reduction in the market for illicit cigarettes since 2015. more »
Cross-Border Organised Crime in the Context of the Migrant Crisis
The recent migration and refuge crisis poses significant challenges to European governments. The unprecedented migration pressure provided many avenues for the generation of major profits by organised criminal networks. more »
Improving Bulgarian and Norwegian Law Enforcement Capacity for Tackling Cross-border Organised Crime in the Context of the Migrant Crisis
Experience and expertise exchange between European countries affected by transnational organised crime can foster the development of law enforcement approaches informed by best practices but suitable for addressing specific national contexts. more »
The illicit trade of tobacco products along the Balkan route: addressing institutional gaps and corruption
The Center for the Study of Democracy launched the initiative 'The illicit trade of tobacco products along the Balkan route: addressing institutional gaps and corruption' more »
Countering Extortion Racketeering in Bulgaria: Examining the Evidence and Devising Appropriate Measures
During the 1990s, Bulgaria experienced a significant upsurge in extortion racketeering, a crime which came to define the decade. Even though rates have decreased in recent years, the problem appears to persist. On 27 October 2016, the Center for the Study of Democracy organized a round table discussion on Countering Extortion Racketeering: Problem areas and Possible Measures. The meeting was attended by representatives of the Ministry of Interior, General Directorate National Police, General Directorate Combatting Organised Crime and the Sofia Appellate Court. more »
Countering extortion racketeering: the European experience
Classic extortion racketeering was widespread in Bulgaria in the 90s of last century, but in the last fifteen years gradually declined and is not the big organized crime threat that it used to be. However, new forms of extortion emerged and gained momentum - different from those of the recent past, but in no case less dangerous or harmful. more »
Round Table: Overcoming Institutional Gaps to Tackle Illicit Financing
On 12 May 2015, the Center for the Study of Democracy (CSD) organised a round table discussion entitled Institutional Measures to Counter the Financing of Organised Crime to debate the current state of the criminal markets in Bulgaria, particularly the smuggling of illegal cigarettes, the drug market and VAT fraud, as well as the practices used to curb these markets applied rather inconsistently in recent years. more »
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